深度神经网络（DNNS）从他们学到的表示中汲取了力量。然而，近年来，研究人员发现，DNN在学习复杂的抽象方面非常有效，但由于培训中固有的虚假相关性，也倾向于感染工件，例如偏见，聪明的汉斯（CH）或后门。数据。到目前为止，在训练有素的模型中发现此类人为和恶意行为的现有方法集中在输入数据中查找工件，这既需要数据集的可用性，又需要人为干预。在本文中，我们介绍了dora（数据不可能的表示分析）：第一种自动数据敏捷方法，用于检测深神经网络中潜在感染的表示。我们进一步表明，Dora发现的受污染表示形式可用于检测任何给定数据集中的受感染样品。我们在定性和定量评估我们在受控的玩具场景和现实环境中提出的方法的性能，在这里我们证明了Dora在安全至关重要的应用中的好处。

最近集成了多源胸X射线数据集以改进自动诊断的趋势提出了模型学会利用源特定的相关性以通过识别图像的源域而不是医学病理来提高性能。我们假设这种效果由源区，即对应于源的疾病的患病率来强制执行并利用标记 - 不平衡。因此，在这项工作中，我们彻底研究了Lable-angalance对多源训练的影响，以便在广泛使用的Chestx-ray14和Chexpert数据集上进行肺炎检测任务。结果强调并强调了使用更忠实和透明的自解释模型进行自动诊断的重要性，从而实现了对杂志学习的固有检测。他们进一步说明了在确保标签平衡的源域数据集时可以显着降低学习虚假相关的这种不希望的效果。

In this paper, we propose a method for selecting the optimal footholds for legged systems. The goal of the proposed method is to find the best foothold for the swing leg on a local elevation map. We apply the Convolutional Neural Network to learn the relationship between the local elevation map and the quality of potential footholds. The proposed network evaluates the geometrical characteristics of each cell on the elevation map, checks kinematic constraints and collisions. During execution time, the controller obtains the qualitative measurement of each potential foothold from the neural model. This method allows to evaluate hundreds of potential footholds and check multiple constraints in a single step which takes 10~ms on a standard computer without GPGPU. The experiments were carried out on a quadruped robot walking over rough terrain in both simulation and real robotic platforms.

In this paper we propose new probabilistic and dynamic (adaptive) strategies to create multi-method ensembles based on the Coral Reefs Optimization with Substrate Layers (CRO-SL) algorithm. The CRO-SL is an evolutionary-based ensemble approach, able to combine different search procedures within a single population. In this work we discuss two different probabilistic strategies to improve the algorithm. First, we defined the Probabilistic CRO-SL (PCRO-SL), which substitutes the substrates in the CRO-SL population by {\em tags} associated with each individual. Each tag represents a different operator which will modify the individual in the reproduction phase. In each generation of the algorithm, the tags are randomly assigned to the individuals with a similar probability, obtaining this way an ensemble with a more intense change in the application of different operators to a given individual than the original CRO-SL. The second strategy discussed in this paper is the Dynamical Probabilistic CRO-SL (DPCRO-SL), in which the probability of tag assignment is modified during the evolution of the algorithm, depending on the quality of the solutions generated in each substrate. Thus, the best substrates in the search process will be assigned with a higher probability that those which showed a worse performance during the search. We test the performance of the proposed probabilistic and dynamic ensembles in different optimization problems, including benchmark functions and a real application of wind turbines layout optimization, comparing the results obtained with that of existing algorithms in the literature.

Artificial intelligence methods including deep neural networks (DNN) can provide rapid molecular classification of tumors from routine histology with accuracy that matches or exceeds human pathologists. Discerning how neural networks make their predictions remains a significant challenge, but explainability tools help provide insights into what models have learned when corresponding histologic features are poorly defined. Here, we present a method for improving explainability of DNN models using synthetic histology generated by a conditional generative adversarial network (cGAN). We show that cGANs generate high-quality synthetic histology images that can be leveraged for explaining DNN models trained to classify molecularly-subtyped tumors, exposing histologic features associated with molecular state. Fine-tuning synthetic histology through class and layer blending illustrates nuanced morphologic differences between tumor subtypes. Finally, we demonstrate the use of synthetic histology for augmenting pathologist-in-training education, showing that these intuitive visualizations can reinforce and improve understanding of histologic manifestations of tumor biology.

Data Centers are huge power consumers, both because of the energy required for computation and the cooling needed to keep servers below thermal redlining. The most common technique to minimize cooling costs is increasing data room temperature. However, to avoid reliability issues, and to enhance energy efficiency, there is a need to predict the temperature attained by servers under variable cooling setups. Due to the complex thermal dynamics of data rooms, accurate runtime data center temperature prediction has remained as an important challenge. By using Gramatical Evolution techniques, this paper presents a methodology for the generation of temperature models for data centers and the runtime prediction of CPU and inlet temperature under variable cooling setups. As opposed to time costly Computational Fluid Dynamics techniques, our models do not need specific knowledge about the problem, can be used in arbitrary data centers, re-trained if conditions change and have negligible overhead during runtime prediction. Our models have been trained and tested by using traces from real Data Center scenarios. Our results show how we can fully predict the temperature of the servers in a data rooms, with prediction errors below 2 C and 0.5 C in CPU and server inlet temperature respectively.

域适应（DA）最近在医学影像社区提出了强烈的兴趣。虽然已经提出了大量DA技术进行了用于图像分割，但大多数这些技术已经在私有数据集或小公共可用数据集上验证。此外，这些数据集主要解决了单级问题。为了解决这些限制，与第24届医学图像计算和计算机辅助干预（Miccai 2021）结合第24届国际会议组织交叉模态域适应（Crossmoda）挑战。 Crossmoda是无监督跨型号DA的第一个大型和多级基准。挑战的目标是分割参与前庭施瓦新瘤（VS）的后续和治疗规划的两个关键脑结构：VS和Cochleas。目前，使用对比度增强的T1（CET1）MRI进行VS患者的诊断和监测。然而，使用诸如高分辨率T2（HRT2）MRI的非对比度序列越来越感兴趣。因此，我们创建了一个无人监督的跨模型分段基准。训练集提供注释CET1（n = 105）和未配对的非注释的HRT2（n = 105）。目的是在测试集中提供的HRT2上自动对HRT2进行单侧VS和双侧耳蜗分割（n = 137）。共有16支球队提交了评估阶段的算法。顶级履行团队达成的表现水平非常高（最佳中位数骰子 - vs：88.4％; Cochleas：85.7％）并接近完全监督（中位数骰子 - vs：92.5％;耳蜗：87.7％）。所有顶级执行方法都使用图像到图像转换方法将源域图像转换为伪目标域图像。然后使用这些生成的图像和为源图像提供的手动注释进行培训分割网络。

目的：慢性主动脉疾病的监测成像，如解剖，依赖于在预定义主动脉地标随时间获得和比较预定义主动脉标志的横截面直径测量。由于缺乏鲁棒工具，横截面平面的方向由高训练的操作员手动定义。我们展示了如何有效地使用诊所中常规收集的手动注释来缓解该任务，尽管在测量中存在不可忽略的互操作器可变性。影响：通过利用不完美，回顾性的临床注释，可以缓解或自动化且重复的成像任务的弊端。方法论：在这项工作中，我们结合了卷积神经网络和不确定量化方法来预测这种横截面的取向。我们使用11个操作员随机处理的临床数据进行培训，并在3个独立运营商处理的较小集合上进行测试，以评估互通器变异性。结果：我们的分析表明，手动选择的横截面平面的特点是10.6 ^ \ CirC $ 10.6 ^ \ riC $和每角度为21.4美元的协议限额为95％我们的方法显示，静态误差减少3.57秒^ \ rIC $（$ 40.2 $％）和$ 4.11 ^ \ rIC $（$ 32.8 $％），而不是5.4 ^ \ rIC $（$ 49.0 $％）和16.0美元^ \ CIRC $（$ 74.6 $％）对手动处理。结论：这表明预先存在的注释可以是诊所的廉价资源，以便于易于提出和重复的任务，如横截面提取，以便监测主动脉夹层。

The recent increase in public and academic interest in preserving biodiversity has led to the growth of the field of conservation technology. This field involves designing and constructing tools that utilize technology to aid in the conservation of wildlife. In this article, we will use case studies to demonstrate the importance of designing conservation tools with human-wildlife interaction in mind and provide a framework for creating successful tools. These case studies include a range of complexities, from simple cat collars to machine learning and game theory methodologies. Our goal is to introduce and inform current and future researchers in the field of conservation technology and provide references for educating the next generation of conservation technologists. Conservation technology not only has the potential to benefit biodiversity but also has broader impacts on fields such as sustainability and environmental protection. By using innovative technologies to address conservation challenges, we can find more effective and efficient solutions to protect and preserve our planet's resources.

In this paper we explore the task of modeling (semi) structured object sequences; in particular we focus our attention on the problem of developing a structure-aware input representation for such sequences. In such sequences, we assume that each structured object is represented by a set of key-value pairs which encode the attributes of the structured object. Given a universe of keys, a sequence of structured objects can then be viewed as an evolution of the values for each key, over time. We encode and construct a sequential representation using the values for a particular key (Temporal Value Modeling - TVM) and then self-attend over the set of key-conditioned value sequences to a create a representation of the structured object sequence (Key Aggregation - KA). We pre-train and fine-tune the two components independently and present an innovative training schedule that interleaves the training of both modules with shared attention heads. We find that this iterative two part-training results in better performance than a unified network with hierarchical encoding as well as over, other methods that use a {\em record-view} representation of the sequence \cite{de2021transformers4rec} or a simple {\em flattened} representation of the sequence. We conduct experiments using real-world data to demonstrate the advantage of interleaving TVM-KA on multiple tasks and detailed ablation studies motivating our modeling choices. We find that our approach performs better than flattening sequence objects and also allows us to operate on significantly larger sequences than existing methods.